In most cases, men face chronic congestive prostatitis, the development of which is caused by impaired blood circulation and thickening of prostate secretion. This form of inflammation is considered a disease of older men. In approximately 20% of cases, patients in urological clinics are diagnosed with bacterial prostatitis - an acute form of inflammation of the prostate, which does not depend on age and is caused by the action of pathogenic microorganisms.
Causes of bacterial prostatitis
As is clear from the name of the diagnosis, the cause of the disease is bacteria that enter the prostate gland through a lymphogenic or hematogenous route.
Lymph flow infection of the prostate occurs with the development of various inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system.
With the bloodstream, the infection enters the prostate gland against the background of severe infectious diseases such as influenza, acute tonsillitis or pneumonia.
Most often pathogenic microorganisms enter the prostate through the urethra. The infection occurs against the background of diseases of the genital organs.
In bacterial prostatitis, the causes lie in the action of pathogenic microbes, but the general condition of the body is not insignificant, as the disease develops only with reduced immunity. The reasons for the weakening of the body's protective function:
- hypothermia;
- vitamin deficiency due to unbalanced diet;
- antibacterial therapy;
- stress;
- hypodynamia;
- chronic focus of infection;
- bad habits;
- prolonged sexual abstinence;
- indiscriminate sex.
The disease is characterized by acute, rapidly increasing symptoms. Unlike congestive prostatitis, bacterial inflammation is independent of age and occurs in young men.
Varieties of the disease
Bacterial prostatitis is characterized by the type of pathogen and the degree of involvement of prostate tissue in the inflammatory process.
Staphylococcus aureus most often provokes prostatitis. This form of the disease is characterized by the formation of abscesses in the prostate tissue, accompanied by a rise in temperature and the release of pus from the urethra or anus. This form of the disease can be a complication of influenza, pneumonia or a consequence of the presence of a chronic focus of infection in the body.
Among the conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that provoke prostatitis, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa rank first. This form of the disease develops against the background of reduced immunity. Pathogenic microorganisms enter the prostate gland via the lymphogenic route.Chlamydial prostatitis is a consequence of indiscriminate sex. Chlamydia infection from a partner is asymptomatic, but against the background of reduced immune protection, bacteria can penetrate the prostate gland, provoking inflammation.
One of the most severe forms of bacterial prostatitis is fungal or candidal inflammation. It develops with the penetration of the fungus Candida into the prostate gland. The disease develops slowly and may not manifest itself for a long time with bright symptoms. Often the fungal form of inflammation turns into chronic prostatitis.
The treatment of abacterial prostatitis caused by fungal microflora requires an integrated approach, as fungi rapidly develop resistance to antifungal agents.
Candida does not show its presence for a long time and is difficult to treat.
Acute bacterial prostatitis may be accompanied by the formation of purulent foci. There are several types of diseases, according to the degree of involvement of prostate tissue in the inflammatory process:
- catarrhal;
- follicular;
- parenchymal;
- prostate abscess.
The catarrhal form is characterized by inflammation of the walls of the ducts of the prostate gland. It belongs to the mild forms of inflammation and is successfully treated with antibiotics for a week and a half.
Follicular prostatitis is accompanied by the formation of abscesses in the glandular tissue. This form of the disease manifests itself with a high temperature, but is quite effectively treated with antibiotics.
In parenchymal inflammation, the pathological process spreads throughout the body. At the same time, the prostate increases in size, its contours change and edema develops. In the absence of timely treatment, this form of the disease can develop into chronic prostatitis.
Prostate abscess is the formation of a cavity filled with pus. Due to the abscess there is a high temperature and symptoms of intoxication. When the abscess erupts, immediate relief occurs, but the ingress of purulent contents into the general bloodstream can lead to sepsis. This form of the disease is characterized by a syndrome of acute pain, fever and severe intoxication of the body. The abscess is opened with surgery.
The listed types of diseases are also stages of development of acute bacterial prostatitis. In the absence of timely treatment, one stage passes into another, the symptoms worsen, the risks of complications increase.
Symptoms of the disease
The symptoms of bacterial prostatitis depend on the stage of the inflammatory process. The initial stages of the disease are characterized by the following symptoms:
- bladder pain;
- frequent desire to use the toilet;
- pain after urination;
- general malaise.
As bacterial prostatitis progresses, symptoms worsen. The body temperature rises, the pain syndrome increases and the problems with urination worsen.
In severe cases, severe intoxication is possible, accompanied by nausea and vomiting, loss of strength and dizziness. Body temperature can rise to 40 ° C.
The frequency of calling to the toilet can be up to 10 times per hour. In this case, the man feels the fullness of the bladder, after urination there is no relief.
In severe cases, acute urinary retention may develop. This is accompanied by a feeling of bloating of the bladder with complete impossibility to empty it. This complication is very dangerous and requires hospitalization with subsequent installation of a catheter.
Frequent urination is caused by compression of the bladder by an inflamed prostate.
Why is prostatitis dangerous?
The danger of bacterial prostatitis is the risk of pelvic infection. If urination is impaired, reverse flow of urine is possible, leading to a kidney infection. This condition is called pyelonephritis and is difficult to treat.
One of the most common complications of bacterial prostatitis is cystitis, which becomes chronic. The disease is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the bladder and is accompanied by frequent urges to use the toilet, spasms and pain in the bladder, hematuria.
Improper or inadequate treatment of bacterial prostatitis can lead to chronic disease. If acute bacterial prostatitis is successfully treated with antibiotics, the treatment of chronic disease is worsened by periodic exacerbation of symptoms, which occurs against the background of reduced immunity.
Acute bacterial prostatitis can cause infertility and impotence.
The most dangerous complication is a breakthrough of an abscess in the prostate cavity. Purulent masses with blood and lymph flow spread through the pelvic organs, provoking inflammation of the rectum, bladder and kidneys. In severe cases, a ruptured abscess can lead to sepsis.
Diagnosis of diseases
The main examination of the prostate is a digital examination (rectal palpation). If bacterial prostatitis is suspected, when the patient has symptoms of intoxication and fever, prostate massage is not performed to avoid the risk of worsening symptoms.
The diagnosis is based on ultrasound or TRUS. The treatment of bacterial prostatitis depends on the type of inflammatory agent. For this purpose it is necessary to analyze the secretion of the prostate. Because in the case of acute inflammation, rectal examination of the prostate is prohibited, urine is taken for bacteriological analysis of the cause of prostatitis. It is also necessary to pass a general and biochemical blood test.
Based on the results of the urine analysis, the doctor selects antibiotics and bactericidal drugs to treat prostatitis.
Treatment of bacterial prostatitis
How to treat bacterial prostatitis depends on the type of pathogen. The choice of antibiotic therapy for prostatitis is made depending on the sensitivity of pathogens to the action of certain drugs.
Antibiotic treatment can be supplemented with rectal suppositories - these are antibacterial and anti-inflammatory suppositories used in prostatitis.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antipyretic drugs with anti-inflammatory action, antispasmodics help to reduce the signs and symptoms of bacterial prostatitis. These drugs do not cure prostatitis, but they can relieve pain and alleviate the course of the disease.
Folk remedies
Once they understand how to cure the prostate gland with bacterial prostatitis with the help of drugs, many will be interested in the possibility of alternative treatment.
Among the effective methods of treating prostatitis with folk remedies, the most effective are rectal suppositories with propolis. You can prepare them yourself. To do this, melt 200 g of cocoa butter in a water bath and add 40 g of crushed propolis to it. The means are boiled until the propolis dissolves and the mass acquires a uniform color and consistency. The drug is then cooled in the refrigerator, having previously formed a cone from the mass, using foil. After cooling, the cone is cut into small torpedoes, about 2 cm in diameter and 4 cm in length. Suppositories are stored in the refrigerator, used twice a day - morning and evening. The course of treatment takes two weeks.
Walnuts and pumpkin seeds can help you speed up your recovery. To prepare the medicine, grind 100 g of nuts and peeled raw seeds in a coffee grinder and then mix with a glass of honey. From the resulting mass are made balls with a diameter of about 2-3 cm. You should eat 3 of these balls daily.
Men are also encouraged to eat walnuts with honey. To prepare the drug, a glass of chopped nuts mixed with honey and insist for three days in the refrigerator. The drug is then taken three tablespoons daily.
Prevention
Bacterial prostatitis is a dangerous disease that can become chronic. In most cases, timely treatment can successfully get rid of the disease, but no man is insured against a recurrent episode of prostatitis. To prevent the development of bacterial prostatitis, you should:
- dress for the time;
- avoid hypothermia;
- treat any infectious diseases in time;
- are protected during intercourse.
For long-term antibiotic or corticosteroid therapy, consult your doctor on how to prevent deterioration of the immune system.
You should pay attention to your own immunity, as the weakening of the body's protective function leads to the development of an acute inflammatory process in the prostate. To this end, it is recommended to take an annual course of vitamins designed specifically for men, to follow a diet and to avoid stress.